Glossary
- RESORPTION
- The removal of bone tissue by normal physiological process or as part of a pathological process such as an infection.
- RETROLISTHESIS
- Posterior displacement of the vertebra on the one below.
- REVERSAL of CERVICAL LORDOSIS
- Change in the normal curvature of the cervical spine as seen on lateral radiograph. This is usually a straightening of the normal lordotic curve or an actual reversal and is most commonly caused by muscle spasm, indicating cervical disc abnormality.
- RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS
- generalized inflammatory joint disease.
- RHIZOTOMY
- Division of the roots of the spinal nerves.
- RISSER
- For scoliosis deformity; particular attention to fusion of facet joints and use of cast stabilization.
- ROAF, KIRKALDY-WILLIS, and CATTERO
- Drainage of thoracic spinal abscess through dorsolateral approach.
- ROBINSON and RILEY
- An extensive anterior approach for fusion of C-1 to C-3 or lower.
- ROD
- In spinal applications, a slender, metal implant which is used to immobilize and alien the spine.
- ROGER FUSION
- Posterior cervical using iliac cortical and cancellous grafts.
- ROGOZINSKI
- A combined anteroposterior device used in correction of spinal deformities.
- ROOT
- The primary or beginning point of any part, as of a nerve at its origin from the brainstem or spinal cord.
- ROOT SLEEVE FIBROSIS
- Scar tissue surrounding a nerve in the spinal canal or neural foramen; epineural fibrosis. If it is within the nerve, it is called intraneural fibrosis.
- ROUNDIND of the CRANIAL BORDER
- Relationship of the height to the width of the rounded portion of the superior sacrum.
- ROY-CAMILLE
- For stabilization between the skull and C-2; posterior bone graft with wire and parallel vertical screw plate fixation from occiput to C-3. Posterior pedicle screw and plate device for spinal stabilization.
- RUDIMENTARY RIBS
- Nubbins of ribs seen below the level where the last rib normally occurs.
- RUPTURED DISC
- See Herniated Disc.
- SACCULAR ANEURYSM
- A balloon-like outpouching of a vessel (the more common type of aneurysm).
- SACRAL
- Five fused segments of the lower spine, below the end of the spinal column, that connect to the pelvis and have four formina on each side.
- SACRAL AGENESIS
- Absence, failure of formation, or imperfect development of the lower portions of the spinal column and pelvis.
- SACRAL ALA
- Lateral portions of the sacral bone.
- SACRAL CYST
- Abnormality in the spinal fluid sac in the sacrum.
- SACRALGIA
- Pain in the sacrum.
- SACRALIZATION
- Fusion of L-5 to the first segment of the sacrum, so that the sacrum consists of six segments; with this abnormality, it is called BERTOLOTTI syndrome.
- SACRALIZED TRANSVERSE PROCES
- One or both of the lumbar spinous transverse processes abnormally joining with the sacrum; sacralization.
- SACRODYNIA
- Pain perceived to be in the area of the sacrum but may originate elsewhere; referred pain.
- SACROILITIS
- Inflammation of the sacroiliac joint. A very painful, often one-sided sacral area pain that follows delivery, is not due to sepsis, and will subside gradually and completely; acute postpardum sacroilitis.
- SACRUM
- A part of the spine that is also part of the pelvis. It articulates with the ilia at the sacroiliac joints and articulates with the lumbar spine at the lumbosacral joint. The sacrum consists of five fused vertebrae that have no intervertebral discs.
- SAGITTAL
- Longitudinal.
- SCALENUS
- The deep lateral muscles of the anterior neck, including anterior scalene m. (scalenus anticus), middle scalene m. (scalenus medius), and posterior scalene m. (scalenus posticus).
